VIRA, MARNERO

by Deniz Colakoglu
turkish_language
Çocukluk Hayalim: Vira Karadeniz

I have always wondered about other cities that have a coastline on the Black Sea. Now our Black Sea is called Cherno More by the Bulgarians, Marea Neagra by the Romanians, Çyornoye More by the Russians, Çorne More by the Ukrainians, Şavi Zğva by the Georgians, Amşın Eyk’wa by the Abkhazians, Uça Zupa by the Laz, Pontus Euxinos by the Hellenes; It is time to discover the sea, its people and their history, which connects dozens of nations.

I started researching and created a lot of routes for myself. And I realized… The Black Sea was bigger than I thought. Its borders extend to Kolkhis (Georgia) in the east, Paphlogonia (Kastamonu) in the west, and Cappadocia in the south. The Black Sea is angrier than I thought. The Black Sea Flood (Noah’s Flood) swallowed the coast, leaving only one male and one female from each species. The Black Sea was inaccessible. Important civilizations from Hittite, Pontus, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman fought to have it. The Black Sea was very sad. There were people who were forcibly taken away from it. Blacksea shed tears, but she still welcomed everyone with open arms 🙂

Trabzon, which has a multi-layered history, has been both a gene pool and a strategic crossroads of civilization since ancient times. Trabzon’s infused culture thanks to the heritage of the Cumans, Sabirs, Kipchaks, Scythians, Alans, Alizons and Cimmerians; It blended with the colonizer peoples, the Drills, Makrons, Pontians, Tibarens, Kolkhs, Chepnis, Armenians, Greeks, Venetians and Genoese.

That’s why it doesn’t seem strange to me when one of my Italian friend, Alessio, said, “We immigrated from Trabzon.“

Trabzon was literally a mystical treasure for travelers who wanted to follow the traces of Rome and Byzantium. French traveler Julien Bordier (1580-1620) wrote in his notebook, which he never left behind, “During my winter walks in Istanbul, I had a desire to reach Trabzon in the upcoming spring.”

Jakob Fallmerayer (1790-1861), who came to Trabzon 2 centuries after Bordier, he noted: “This city, which I have been longing for for a long time, whose name and pronunciation is soft and melodious, was a country that had been my dream since my youth. I had to breathe its air no matter what.“.  

Trabzon, kaynaklara göre Helen kökenli Miletoslular tarafından ticaret karakolu olarak kurulmuş ve bölgeye ve şehre “Trapezous” ismi, ilk olarak onlar vermiş.  

Bonus: M.Ö. 6 yüzyılın II. yarısında bir deniz imparatorluğu merkezine dönüşmüş Miletos, Karadeniz kıyısında, içinde Trabzon, Sinop ve Kırım’ın da bulunduğu, kendisine bağlı 98 adet koloni kenti kurarak muhteşem bir güce ulaşmış. 

Mareuxinos - Pontos Haritası

1204 yılında kurulan Rum İmparatorluğu’nun sadece adı imparatorluktu.Hükmündeki topraklar, Karadeniz ile Pontos Dağları arasında kalan, 400 km. uzunluğunda dar bir kıyı şeridiyle ve Kırım Yarımadası’nın güney kısımlarıyla sınırlıydı. 

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Old blacksea map

Bonus: Antik Yunan mitolojisinde Aither ile Gaia’nın çocuğunun adı olan ve Hellence “deniz” anlamına gelen Pontus’a bölge adı olarak ilk kez MÖ 5. yüzyılda Herodotos’un ünlü eseri Historia’da rastlanıyor.

Türk araştırmacı Özhan Öztürk, Karadeniz olarak adlandırılan denizin adının Uzak Asya hatta Orta Amerika Uygarlıklarında kullanılan kadim renk-yön ilişkisine bağlayarak gerçekte “Kuzey Denizi” anlamına geldiğini; Türkler, Moğollar ve Çinliler gibi Asyalı kavimler kuzeyi “kara”, batıyı “beyaz”, güneyi “kırmızı”, doğuyu “yeşil veya mavi”, merkezi ise “sarı” renkle ilişkilendirirmiş. Örneğin: Kara Bulgarlar, Ak ve Kara Hunlar, Kara Macarlar, Anadolu’nun batısındaki Akdeniz’in adları bu isim geleneğine dayanmaktaymış.

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